解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Several forms of hair loss in humans are characterized by the inability of hair follicles to enter the growth phase (anagen) of the hair cycle after being arrested in the resting phase (telogen). Current pharmacologic therapies have been largely unsuccessful in targeting pathways that can be selectively modulated to i...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500973
更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of Escherichia coli by exponential ramps of chemoattractants generates step changes in the concentration of the response regulator, CheY-P. Because flagellar motors are ultrasensitive, this should change the fraction of time that motors spin clockwise, the CWbias. However, early work failed to show changes...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500299
更新日期:2015-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The spin-polarized surface states of topological insulators (TIs) are attractive for applications in spintronics and quantum computing. A central challenge with these materials is to reliably tune the chemical potential of their electrons with respect to the Dirac point and the bulk bands. We demonstrate persistent, b...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500640
更新日期:2015-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Terrestrial predators can modulate the energy used for prey capture to maximize efficiency, but diving animals face the conflicting metabolic demands of energy intake and the minimization of oxygen depletion during a breath hold. It is thought that diving predators optimize their foraging success when oxygen use and e...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500469
更新日期:2015-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Many insects use nectar as their principal diet and have mouthparts specialized in nectarivory, whereas most nectar-feeding vertebrates are opportunistic users of floral resources and only a few species show distinct morphological specializations. Specialized nectar-feeding bats extract nectar from flowers using elong...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500525
更新日期:2015-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Organic carbonyl compounds represent a promising class of electrode materials for secondary batteries; however, the storage mechanism still remains unclear. We take Na2C6H2O4 as an example to unravel the mechanism. It consists of alternating Na-O octahedral inorganic layer and π-stacked benzene organic layer in spatia...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500330
更新日期:2015-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Ultraviolet (UV) reception is useful for such basic behaviors as mate choice, foraging, predator avoidance, communication, and navigation, whereas violet reception improves visual resolution and subtle contrast detection. UV and violet reception are mediated by the short wavelength-sensitive (SWS1) pigments that absor...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500162
更新日期:2015-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen oxides, released from fossil fuel use and other combustion processes, affect air quality and climate. From the mid-1990s onward, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has been monitored from space, and since 2004 with relatively high spatial resolution by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument. Strong upward NO2 trends have been o...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500498
更新日期:2015-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter pylori is a leading cause of peptic ulceration and gastric cancer worldwide. To achieve colonization of the stomach, this Gram-negative bacterium adheres to Lewis(b) (Le(b)) antigens in the gastric mucosa using its outer membrane protein BabA. Structural information for BabA has been elusive, and thus, it...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500315
更新日期:2015-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::A major challenge in modern physics is to accurately describe strongly interacting quantum many-body systems. One-dimensional systems provide fundamental insights because they are often amenable to exact methods. However, no exact solution is known for the experimentally relevant case of external confinement. We propo...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500197
更新日期:2015-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The geothermal heat flux is a critical thermal boundary condition that influences the melting, flow, and mass balance of ice sheets, but measurements of this parameter are difficult to make in ice-covered regions. We report the first direct measurement of geothermal heat flux into the base of the West Antarctic Ice Sh...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500093
更新日期:2015-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::This study introduces new methods of screening for and tuning chiral space and in so doing identifies a promising set of chiral ligands for asymmetric synthesis. The carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine(s) and salens constructed therefrom are particularly compelling. It is shown that by removing the native anomeric effect...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500066
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Characterizing and understanding the emergence of multiple macroscopically ordered electronic phases through subtle tuning of temperature, pressure, and chemical doping has been a long-standing central issue for complex materials research. We report the first comprehensive studies of optical doping-induced emergence o...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400173
更新日期:2015-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past 5 years, parts of Oklahoma have experienced marked increases in the number of small- to moderate-sized earthquakes. In three study areas that encompass the vast majority of the recent seismicity, we show that the increases in seismicity follow 5- to 10-fold increases in the rates of saltwater disposal. A...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500195
更新日期:2015-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Maximizing the sustainable supercurrent density, J C, is crucial to high-current applications of superconductivity. To achieve this, preventing dissipative motion of quantized vortices is key. Irradiation of superconductors with high-energy heavy ions can be used to create nanoscale defects that act as deep pinning po...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500033
更新日期:2015-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::The natural selection and the evolutionary optimization of complex shapes in nature are closely related to their functions. Mechanostabilization of shape of biological structure via morphogenesis has several beautiful examples. With the help of simple mechanics-based modeling and experiments, we show an important caus...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400052
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles account for 40 to 45% of worldwide gasoline production. The hierarchical complex particle pore structure allows access of long-chain feedstock molecules into active catalyst domains where they are cracked into smaller, more valuable hydrocarbon products (for example, gasoline)....
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400199
更新日期:2015-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::The first example of a homogeneous silver(I)-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of aldehydes in water is reported. More than 50 examples of different aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, including natural products, were tested, and all of them successfully underwent aerobic oxidation to give the corresponding carboxylic acids i...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500020
更新日期:2015-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The lipid bilayer membrane, which is the foundation of life on Earth, is not viable outside of biology based on liquid water. This fact has caused astronomers who seek conditions suitable for life to search for exoplanets within the "habitable zone," the narrow band in which liquid water can exist. However, can cell m...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400067
更新日期:2015-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an unexplained incapacitating illness that may affect up to 4 million people in the United States alone. There are no validated laboratory tests for diagnosis or management despite global efforts to find biomarkers of disease. We considered the possibility...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1400121
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans is a pathogenic yeast that causes mucosal and systematic infections with high mortality. The absence of facile molecular genetics has been a major impediment to analysis of pathogenesis. The lack of meiosis coupled with the absence of plasmids makes genetic engineering cumbersome, especially for essen...
journal_title:Science advances
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500248
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00